捷克人赞叹于龙泉青瓷的美好，德国百姓感受到浙江丰富多彩的非遗资源，失传千年重获新生的瓯乐表演……让与会嘉宾近距离领略了浙江的文化内涵。

　　浙江省欧洲系列文化交流活动日前相继在捷克皮尔森州和德国基尔开启。伴随着两场主题展览，历史悠久、绚丽多姿的浙江文化，给欧洲人带去了美的享受。

　　丝茶瓷：丝路上的跨文化对话

　　“丝茶瓷：丝绸之路上的跨文化对话”在捷克皮尔森州启幕后，收获了诸多关注。本次展览是2019年浙江省欧洲系列文化交流活动的第一站，通过浙江丝茶瓷精品的展示、文化符号的传播、现场的交流互动等，详细介绍了丝绸、茶和瓷器在浙江几千年来的演变历史和艺术变化，从丝茶瓷的历史渊源、东西方互通交流、艺术传承和发展等方面全面展示了“丝茶瓷”的历史底蕴和文化内涵。

　　当天的开幕式上，一段旋律优美的传统乐器演奏首先吸引了大家的注意。由慈溪市青瓷瓯乐艺术团带来的瓯乐表演，将传统青瓷作为乐器演绎瓯乐，与传统文化完美融合。而更为引人注目的是高挑靓丽的捷克女模们穿上杭州旗袍的一场走秀。

　　这组极具杭州特色的旗袍并非第一次展示了。去年，“杭州全球旗袍日”期间，在中国丝绸博物馆策划下，浙江理工大学团队设计制作了这一组旗袍。当时，由中国模特穿着这组旗袍，走过西子湖、雷峰塔，还在中国丝绸博物馆主场秀过，惊艳四座。本次，在捷克共和国皮尔森州，由捷克模特穿着这组旗袍再次亮相，展示了分外秀美的跨文化交流，也推动了杭州丝绸在国际上的影响力日益增长。

　　失传千年重获新生的瓯乐表演和极具浙江特色的丝绸服饰走秀，让与会嘉宾近距离领略了浙江的文化内涵。

　　展览以“丝瓷茶”跨文化对话为主线，以丝绸、青瓷展示为主，茶文化体验为辅，通过融合式并进的展陈形式，围绕“源、路、艺、器（物）、融”5个关键词讲述中国浙江丝瓷茶的故事。

　　丝、茶、瓷的工艺展示成为本次展览的亮点。展览特设多个演示和互动区域，特别是代表蚕桑丝织技艺的缂丝机操作展示、龙泉青瓷刻花表演、龙井茶礼表演、丝绸之路互动地图和瓯乐演奏，使观众可以据此了解中国优秀传统文化的博大精深。在龙泉青瓷展区，捷克皮尔森州两位副州长对龙泉青瓷的刻花工艺表示了极大的兴趣，在仔细观察了张晞大师的刻花表演后，还亲手在青瓷盘上刻下了自己的签名。

　　中国丝绸博物馆工作人员表示，本次展览得到了龙泉市人民政府和中国茶叶博物馆的大力支持，受到了当地观众极大的欢迎。展览所准备的蚕茧纪念品和小茶包在几分钟内被一取而空，观众们纷纷为能切身体验中国文化而感到荣幸。

　　值得一提的是，浙江和捷克在文化和旅游方面的交流精彩纷呈，成果丰硕。去年10月，浙江-捷克友好关系庆祝晚宴暨捷克共和国独立100周年国庆招待会在浙江（中国丝绸博物馆）举行，浙江（中国丝绸博物馆）也积极筹备在今年10月举办“丝绸之路上的跨文化对话：捷克之夜”活动。

　　非遗展：“策展顾问”

　　来自400年前

　　在德国基尔，一场“小而美”的展览吸引了许多人的目光。它叫“美丽中国 诗画浙江——浙江省非物质文化遗产展”。浙江省4位非遗代表性传承人、21个非遗项目共57件（套）作品参加展示展演活动。

　　其实，近年来，浙江非遗去国外展示的机会越来越多。在发掘、保护方面的成绩单非常漂亮，截至2018年，浙江共有217项国家级非物质文化遗产，196位国家级非物质文化遗产传承人，均居全国首位；被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作的有10项，在全国也名列前茅。同时，浙江公布的5批省级非遗名录项目共886项，各地公布的市级非遗名录项目4296项、县级非遗名录项目9314项。

　　在浙江如此丰富的非遗文化资源项目中，为何偏偏将这21项带到国外进行展示呢？这得从这次展览的策展理念说起。

　　这次的“美丽中国 诗画浙江——浙江省非物质文化遗产展”从文化地理角度进行策划，围绕“山、海、泽”等独具浙江地理风貌特色的文化背景，以“生命、生存、生活”作为展览关键词，展示浙江优秀传统文化传承发展的生命力和创造力。

　　能提出这样策展理念的人显然不简单。而这位特别的“策展顾问”竟然来自400年前。他叫王士性，是明代的学者、旅行家、地理学家。他还是如今大家都熟知的“诗与远方的代言人”徐霞客的偶像，被徐霞客尊称为“王十岳”。

　　“十岳”是什么？“恒山、华山、嵩山、泰山、衡山”并称“五岳”的说法，我们是非常熟悉的了。王士性写过一本书，叫《五岳游草》，其中就记述了他登五岳的心得体会。而徐霞客只到过五岳中的三岳。王士性两登五岳的豪举，令徐霞客十分敬仰，因此尊称他为“王十岳”。正是在读了王士性的《五岳游草》后，徐霞客才重游天台山，最终留下“徐霞客三游天台山”的传说。

　　王士性将浙江划分为“山、海、泽”，他在《广志绎》中这样写到：“杭、嘉、湖平原水乡，是为泽国之民；金、衢、严，处丘陵险阻，是为山谷之民；宁、绍、台、温连山大海，是为海滨之民。三民各自为俗。泽国之民，舟楫为居，百货所聚，闾阎易于富贵，俗尚奢侈，缙绅气势大而众庶小；山谷之民，石气所钟，猛烈鸷愎，轻犯刑法，喜习俭素，然豪民颇负气，聚党羽而傲缙绅；海滨之民，餐风宿水，百死一生，以有海利为生不甚穷，以不通商贩不甚富，闾阎与缙绅相安，官民得贵贱之中，俗尚居奢俭之半……”

　　在他看来，一个地方的民众的生活、生产方式完全受当地的地理环境影响，而这些生活与生产决定了这片土地上的人们的民风与文化。也因此，想要展现一个地域的文化样貌，从地理环境入手不失为一种客观的表达。

　　再回头看看展览，就不难发现，这些都是极具地域特点的项目。平原水乡地区，人们对于精神生活与文化的追求，让他们在笔墨纸砚书画方面有着独特的审美与造诣；山区丘陵地区，土、竹、木这些来自自然的馈赠，让人们找到了自己的文化传承载体与脉络；而沿海地区，宽广的海洋给了这里的人们无穷的想象，精湛的造船技艺，让他们能够去向更辽阔的远方……

　　Zhejiang Showcased in Czech, Germany

　　Exhibition of Silk, Tea and

　　Celadon in Plzen

May 24, 2019 saw the launching of Silk, Tea, Celadon: An Intercultural Dialogue on the Silk Road, an exhibition featuring Zhejiang in Plzen, a city of the western Czech Republic southwest of Prague. It was the first stop of a Zhejiang exhibition project for Europe in 2019, chiefly organized by China National Silk Museum, and sponsored by Zhejiang Administration of Culture and Tourism. Government officials from Zhejiang and Plzen as well as representatives from all walks life in Plzen attended the opening ceremony.

In five parts, the exhibition showcased Zhejiang as one of the cradles of tea, silk, and porcelain making in China through an array of exhibits. The fine artifacts presented the best workmanship that has been carried on in the province for thousands of years.

A group of musicians from Cixi, a city in eastern Zhejiang, played music on musical instruments made of celadon, giving the traditional fine porcelain a sound that rarely gets heard in the world. Local models of Czech staged a fashion show of Qipao, a traditional gown designed and made in Hangzhou. It wasn’t the first time that the gowns were presented. Commissioned by the China National Silk Museum and designed by a group of young talents from Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, this dazzling batch of Qipao made its debut on the Hangzhou International Qipao Day in September 2018. Chinese models presented the elegant Qipao pieces at lakeside scenic spots as well as at the China National Silk Museum. The fashion show in Plzen was the first international debut of the Qipao pieces.

At the exhibition, craftspeople from Zhejiang demonstrated techniques used in silk processing, tea processing and celadon making. Ivo Gruner and Redka Trylcova, both deputy governors of Plzen, tried their hands at engraving their names onto celadon pieces, after watching a demonstration by a celadon master surnamed Zhang, from Longquan where celadon originated and has flourished since hundreds of years ago.

At the launching ceremony of the exhibition, the China National Silk Museum distributed a great number of silkworm cocoons and teabags as gifts, which got grabbed up in a few minutes. It was not the first time when the museum was involved in the promotion of the friendly relations between China and Czech. 

It hosted a celebration on its venue in October 2018 in honor of the friendship relations between the province and Czech and in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the independence of Czech. Preparations are underway for the province to hold a Czech night at the museum in October 2019 featuring an intercultural dialogue on the Silk Road.

　　Heritage Exhibition in Kiel

Zhejiang launched a cultural heritage exhibition in Kiel, the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, on May 29, 2019. Four heritage masters from Zhejiang attended the ceremony. The exhibition presented 57 pieces/sets of artifacts classified in 21 intangible cultural heritage categories. The leader of safeguarding and promoting cultural heritage in China, Zhejiang had 217 items inscribed as intangible cultural heritage and 196 heritage masters recognized by the national government at the end of 2018. Ten of the 217 items are on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The province maintains its own lists of heritage categories and items which are much more numerous than at the national level.

The 21 categories showcased at the exhibition were picked on the basis of an idea originally put forward about 400 years ago by Wang Shixing (1547-1598), a native of Taizhou, Zhejiang and a scholar, traveler, and cultural geographer. In a book, Wang divides the province into three geographic blocks: Hangzhou, Jiaxing and Huzhou in northern Zhejiang are a land of waters; Jinhua, Quzhou and Yanzhou in central and western Zhejiang are full of mountains; whereas Ningbo, Shaoxing, Taizhou and Wenzhou are coastal regions. In the book the scholar goes on to discuss how the geographic features shaped and conditioned the local cultures and lifestyles in the three different blocks. As we understand him today, what he says can be summarized as following: how people in a region make a living is largely determined by the geographic characteristics of the region, which in turn helps determine the regional culture and lifestyle. If we want to present the cultural dimensions of a region, geographic characteristics can be a relatively objective departure point.

The twenty-one varieties of the heritage items were chosen to present Zhejiang in the way defined by Wang Shixing about 400 years ago. In a sense, Wang can be considered the mastermind of the exhibition. The exhibition showed that the people in the north invented special ways to make traditional stationery and the region has produced a large galaxy of artists since very ancient times; the people in the mountains have invented ways to use wood and bamboo in their life; and the people in coastal regions built boats and sailed. The presentation was organized in a way suitable for presenting Zhejiang to western audiences.