在杭州千年护城河贴沙河一侧的城东公园附近，有一幢颇具民国风格的红砖建筑，低矮的楼群看似平平，却隐藏着全国第一家也是唯一一家钱币类主题的孙中山纪念馆——杭州孙中山钱币纪念馆（杭州市江干区逸仙钱币纪念馆）。

        杭州孙中山钱币纪念馆于2017年8月底开始筹备创办，并于2018年11月12日，即孙中山先生诞辰152周年之际正式开馆。

一张银票和一段历史

        纪念馆位于杭州市江干区凯旋支路18号，不远处便是浙江大学（华家池校区）、艮山运河公园，距离西湖景区也只有五六公里的距离。纪念馆就在这繁华地段的一条小巷里，没有高大的门厅和显眼的招牌，静静隐匿于喧闹繁华之中。纪念馆所在的位置离艮山门火车站也很近，那是孙中山先生当年为了凭吊秋瑾来到杭州下车的地方。

        杭州孙中山钱币纪念馆虽然面积不大，却五脏俱全。目前纪念馆展出的孙中山先生与相关革命同志签发的各类货币、债券及印有孙中山肖像的各种钱币共计400余件（枚、张），已占到目前有考证的与孙中山先生相关的钱币种类的90%以上。

        纪念馆从“钱币”这一独特视角来解读历史，展现孙中山先生光辉的一生、革命的一生，为大家了解孙中山先生生平、了解其所处的历史时代提供了一个别出心裁的视角。

        从一张张小小的纸币、一枚枚小小的铜钱中，我们便能感受到那个时代的风起云涌。

        从馆内所藏的文物“中华革命军银票壹佰元”中，我们便可以看到孙中山先生早期革命之路的曲折和坎坷。这是同盟会成立后，孙中山在法属安南（今越南）西贡（今胡志明市）委托法国人在巴黎印制的革命债券，主要是为了给潮州、梅州、镇南关起义等筹集经费。但随着起义的相继失败，中山先生被法当局驱逐，将所存债券全部迁到了新加坡的晚晴园，没多久就遭到了当地警方的搜查。中山先生遂将所余债券全部付之一炬，导致幸存至今的债券已成凤毛麟角。这件藏品作为中山先生早期革命生涯的实物见证，弥足珍贵。

        又如“中华民国金币券”，是孙中山先生于1911年7月在美国旧金山发行的债券，债券发行后，得到了爱国华侨的广泛支持，短短三个月时间就筹集到了美金144130元，这笔巨款对武昌起义的成功起了很大助力。债券实物曾遭销毁，如今也很难见。

        在纪念馆里还能看到几张超大面值的纸币，不是几百也不是几千，而是上万上亿的面值，分别是“新疆省银行”发行的3000万元、6000万元、6亿元、30亿元、60亿元面值的钞票。60亿元的面值堪称“中国最大面值的纸币”了，然而在当时，60亿元面值的钞票在市场上只能买到70粒米。严重的通货膨胀，反映了当年国民政府统治下恶劣的金融生态环境。

“猛进如潮”致敬中山先生

        一进入纪念馆，映入眼帘的便是孙中山先生的半身铜像，中山先生目光坚毅，望向远方。虽然只是半身像，但仍能感受到他的浩然正气。这座半身像是孙中山先生的嫡孙女、美国孙中山和平教育基金会主席孙穗芳博士赠与纪念馆的。

        2018年8月27日，孙穗芳女士来到孙中山钱币纪念馆，为其捐赠的中山先生铜像揭幕。当时，孙穗芳虽已83岁高龄，但仍精神矍铄、风采奕奕。这是她捐赠的第241尊孙中山铜像。

        事实上，浙江大学紫金港校区也有一座孙中山先生的雕像，是孙穗芳女士捐赠的。她表示，捐赠铜像不仅是希望人们了解孙中山先生对民主革命作出的巨大贡献，更希望“把孙中山先生身上承载的中华民族的优秀品格、优秀精神传承下去”。她说，孙中山先生的爱国精神就像“一股清泉”，滋润着每一颗中华赤子之心。

        2018年11月16日，在孙中山钱币纪念馆开馆的第五天，孙穗芳又专程从檀香山来到杭州，祝贺纪念馆的正式开馆。

        在杭州孙中山钱币纪念馆馆长兼创始人顾明等人的陪同下，她还专程前往海宁盐官观潮。她前去观潮，并不仅仅是因为钱塘江大潮声名在外，更是因为100年前她的祖父孙中山先生也曾在此地观潮。

        1916年，孙中山先生偕夫人宋庆龄来到今天的盐官，登上天风海涛亭，观赏钱塘江大潮。波澜壮阔、势如雪山的钱塘江潮水令孙中山先生赞叹不已，他观潮后题词“猛进如潮”。如今，这四个大字已成为海宁精神的概括。

        孙中山先生观潮结束回到上海后，写下了一句名言，那便是：“世界潮流，浩浩荡荡，顺之则昌，逆之则亡”。

        100年后，孙穗芳再次来到当年祖父的观潮地点，她心情甚好，拿起纸笔，挥毫写下“猛进如潮”以致敬祖父。

        这让一旁陪同的顾明感慨万千。他表示，自己创办杭州孙中山钱币纪念馆的初衷是，研究孙中山的革命理论思想，继承和发扬孙中山先生爱国、革命、不断进步的精神，普及、推广钱币文化知识，促进文化交流。

        作为一名钱币“发烧友”，顾明将自己收藏的藏品拿出来分享，并致力于传播和普及藏品背后的钱币文化知识。在这理念的指导下，纪念馆先后被授予首批区级社会科学普及示范点、区青少年第二课堂活动基地、浙江省孙中山研究会研究基地等称号。

Sun Yat-sen Numismatic Museum, Hangzhou

Housing a rare collection of coins related to the era of Sun Yat-sen, the Sun Yat-sen Numismatic Museum in Hangzhou is the country’s first and only one of its kind. The museum itself is housed in a Republican-style mansion tucked away in an alley off Kaixuan Road, near the Chengdong Park off the Tiesha River in Hangzhou. The museum’s proximity to the now defunct Genshanmen Train Station serves as a reminder that it is the place where Dr. Sun and Soong Ching-ling got off the train to visit the tomb of revolutionary, feminist, and writer Qiu Jin (1875-1907), who was executed after a failed uprising against the Qing dynasty, at the age of 32.

The first effort to set up a museum to house various coins and banknotes of the Republic years began at the end of August in 2017. The museum opened its door to the public on November 12, 2018, in commemoration of the 152nd anniversary of the birth of Dr. Sun Yat-sen.

The collection of the museum, small-sized but fully equipped, was enriched by exhibits acquired through excavations, purchases and donations. More than 90% of the 400 coins and banknotes issued in Sun Yat-sen’s era have been proved to be associated with the revolutionary activities of Sun.

The collection is arranged in such a way so as to follow the history of coinage in Sun’s times, therefore offering an intriguing perspective for people today to better understand the revolutionary life of Sun Yat-sen. Although Sun is considered to be one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. Encapsulated in the 100-yuan “revolutionary bill”, ordered by Sun Yat-sen to be made in Paris and issued after the founding of Tongmenghui (United League) in order to raise funds for the uprisings in Chaozhou, Meizhou and Zhennanguan, is the lesser-known hardship Sun endured in the early years of his revolutionary career. After a total of four uprisings failed in 1907 and two more failed the next year, Sun’s leadership was challenged. In July 1910, the Tongmenghui headquarters had to relocate from Singapore to Penang to reduce the anti-Sun activities. He also had to transfer all the issued bonds into his villa (known as Wan Qing Yuan) in Singapore, where the Singapore chapter of the Tongmenghui was established on 6 April 1906 to serve as the organization’s headquarters. When the situation got worse, Sun had to throw all the bonds into the fire.

Sun’s notability and popularity extended beyond the Greater China region, to North America, where he received direct support from a large concentration of overseas Chinese residing in San Francisco. The bonds he issued in July 1911 brought back 144,130 USD within only three months, providing invaluable help for the success of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911.

The museum’s collection also contains several “super-big” banknotes issued by Xinjiang Province Bank. The denominations range from 30 million yuan all the way up to six billion yuan. However, at the time when the whole country was suffering from the most outrageous inflation, a 6-billion-yuan note could hardly bring back a bowl of rice.

Entering the museum, visitors are welcomed by a bust of Dr. Sun. The bust was donated by his granddaughter, Hawaii-based Sun Huifang, Chair of the Sun Yat-sen Foundation in America, and was unveiled by 83-year-old Sun Huifang in Hangzhou on August 27, 2018. It is one of the 241 San Yat-sen busts she donated in 13 countries in order to promote the legacy of Dr. Sun. The Zijingang Campus of the Hangzhou-based Zhejiang University also houses one of the busts.

During her revisit to Hangzhou in November of 2018, Sun Huifang also visited Yanguan, where the magnificent tidal spectacle brought her back to the day her grandfather and Soong Ching-ling admired the awe-inspiring tidal wonder of the Qiantang River at the Haitao Pavilion.

The museum’s collection also contains part of the private collection of Gu Ming, director of the Hangzhou Museum.